Toilets are the cornerstone of bathroom plumbing. Key distinctions include:

• Two-piece: Tank and bowl are separate; affordable and common.
• One-piece: Seamless design, sleeker look, easier to clean but often pricier.
• Wall-mounted: Tank concealed in the wall; modern aesthetic and saves floor space.
• Smart toilets: Integrated bidet, heated seat, deodorizer, and automatic flush features.
• Dual-flush: Offers half-flush for liquids and full flush for solids to save water.

For design inspiration, see our Toilet Buying Guide.

Toilet performance is shaped by flushing technology:

• Gravity flush: Uses weight of water; reliable and quiet.
• Pressure-assist: Air pressure delivers a powerful flush; louder but more efficient.
• Dual-cyclone / Tornado flush: High-pressure jets clean bowl sides with less water.

Modern toilets balance water efficiency with strong waste removal.

Shower systems range from simple to spa-like experiences:

• Standard wall-mounted: A single showerhead, often adjustable.
• Rain shower: Wide, ceiling-mounted spray that mimics rainfall.
• Handheld shower: Flexible hose for targeted cleaning and accessibility.
• Dual shower: Combination of fixed head + handheld.
• Body sprays: Multiple side jets for a full-body experience.
• Smart showers: Digital temperature control, timers, and presets.

See our Shower System Planning Guide for layout tips.

Shower valve = hidden control unit inside the wall, mixing hot and cold water.
Trim kit = visible handle(s) and cover plate (escutcheon) that control the valve.

• Pressure-balancing valves: Prevent scalding by maintaining stable temperature.
• Thermostatic valves: Allow precise temperature setting and maintain it regardless of pressure changes.

Learn more in Shower Valve Basics.

Bathtubs combine relaxation with function. Common styles:

• Alcove tub: Installed between three walls; space-saving and popular in family bathrooms.
• Freestanding tub: Stands alone; creates a luxury focal point.
• Clawfoot tub: Classic freestanding style with ornamental feet.
• Drop-in tub: Fits into a framed enclosure or deck.
• Soaking tub: Deeper design for full-body immersion.
• Whirlpool/jetted tub: Includes water jets for massage.
• Walk-in tub: Accessible option with side door for seniors or mobility-challenged users.

See our Bathtub Selection Guide.

Bathroom vanity = sink + countertop + storage. Vanity types:

• Freestanding vanity: Sits on the floor, wide style options.
• Wall-mounted (floating) vanity: Modern look, easier floor cleaning.
• Vessel sink vanity: Bowl-style sink above counter.
• Integrated sink vanity: Countertop and sink molded into one piece.

For materials, options include porcelain, stone resin, tempered glass, or engineered stone countertops.

• Single-hole: Compact; lever controls flow and temperature.
• Centerset: 4-inch spread; combines spout and handles on one base plate.
• Widespread: 8-inch spread; separate handles and spout for upscale look.
• Wall-mounted: Saves counter space and creates a sleek effect.
• Touchless: Motion sensor for hygiene and water conservation.

See our Bathroom Faucet Styles Explained.

Common finishes include:

• Chrome: Bright, durable, and affordable.
• Brushed nickel: Warm tone, resists fingerprints.
• Matte black: Bold, modern aesthetic.
• Brass / gold: Adds luxury and vintage appeal.
• Oil-rubbed bronze: Dark finish with rustic character.

For design balance, mix no more than two finishes per bathroom. See our Bathroom Finish Ideas.

• Comfort-height toilets: 17–19 inches seat height for easier transfers.
• Lever handles: Easier to operate than knobs.
• Curbless showers: Walk-in access, often with linear drains.
• Grab bars: Secure support near toilets and tubs.
• Anti-scald valves: Prevent sudden temperature changes.

Explore our Accessible Bathroom Guide.

Tips for long-lasting fixtures:

• Clean aerators and showerheads monthly to remove limescale.
• Check seals and caulking around tubs and sinks to prevent leaks.
• Replace faucet cartridges or toilet flappers when dripping begins.
• Use non-abrasive cleaners on finishes to prevent scratching.

Learn more in Bathroom Fixture Maintenance Tips.